Digital Media & Information Literacy Framework

Digital Media and Information Literacy Framework

The Digital Media and Information Literacy Framework guides digital literacy programme owners and public agencies in planning media literacy and information literacy programmes.

The Framework establishes a set of common objectives for programme owners and public agencies to work towards, and focuses on developing in Singaporeans in the following ways:

A fundamental appreciation of the benefits, risks and possibilities that technology can bring and how online platforms and digital technologies work
A basic understanding of how to use information responsibly.
The know-how for safe and responsible use of digital technologies.

Scroll through for quick information on the Framework, or click to download the Digital Media and Information Literacy Framework.

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Programme Owner

Learning Outcomes

The Framework is targeted at Singaporeans and sets out 5 key learning outcomes (LOs):

Appreciate the benefits, risks and possibilities that technology can bring.
Understand how online platforms and digital technologies work.
Understand how to use information responsibly.
Understand how to protect oneself on the internet.
Understand how to use digital technologies safely and responsibly.

LO1 Appreciate the benefits, risks and possibilities that technology can bring

Learning Objectives

Individuals will learn:

Why it is important to keep up with the rapidly advancing technology
How technology can bring both benefits and risks

Suggested Focus Areas

Technological Advancements and it’s Impact on Our Lives
Benefits and Risks of Technologies

LO2 Understand how online platforms and digital technologies work.

Learning Objectives

Individuals will learn:

How digital footprints work
How algorithms are used on the Internet
How digital advertising works
How cognitive blases work

Suggested Focus Areas

Digital Footprints
Algorithms on Search Engines and Social Media
Digital Advertising
The Human Factor and Social Media

LO3 Understand how to use information responsibly

Learning Objectives

Individuals will learn:

What are some examples of information sources
How to assess the credibility of an information source
What is the difference between fact and opinion
What are the different types of false information
What is the difference between disinformation and misinformation
Why people create and spread false information
What is the damage caused by creating and spreading false information

Suggested Focus Areas

Examples of Information Sources

Assessing the Credibility of a Source
Differentiating Fact from Opinion

False Information

Deepfakes
Disinformation VS Misinformation
Why People Create and Spread False Information
Consequences of the Creation and Dissemination of False Information

LO4 Understand how to protect oneself on the internet

Learning Objectives

Individuals will learn:

What is cyber wellness
What are the threats and risk of social media
How to guard againts the threats and risks of social media
How to check the credibility of information encountered or received

Suggested Focus Areas

Cyber Wellness
Threats and Risks of Social Media
How to Guard Against Social Media Threats
How to Check the Credibility of Information Encountered or Received

LO5 Understand how to use digital technologies safely and responsibly

Learning Objectives

Protect Personal Data and Cybersecurity, including:
- How to secure digital devices and online accounts
- How to adjust privacy settings across different social media platforms
- The difference between secured and unsecured Wi-Fi networks, and implications of using each of them
- Common concepts in cybersecurity like encryption and virtual private networks (VPN)
Guard Against Online Scams and Cyber Threats, including:
- What are the different types of online scams
- What phishing is and how to recognise the tell-tale signs
- How to respond to an online scam
- What are the different types of cyber threats
- What cyber threats and malware can do
- What to do to guard against cyber threats

Suggested Focus Areas

Protecting Personal Data and Cybersecurity
1. Protecting Personal Data
2. Common Concepts in Cybersecurity
Online Scams and Cyber Threats
1. Types of Online Scams
2. How to Respond to Online Scams
3. Types of Cyber Threats
4. How to Guard Against Cyber Threats

Additional Resources

Keep up to date on the latest information, news and resources around digital media and information literacy through these resources:

The Media Literacy Council has various articles, tip sheets and guides for parents, youth and educators on a range of digital literacy issues, including cyber-bullying, fake news and privacy concerns.
National Crime Prevention Council’s Scam Alert website contains a repository of the latest scam stories, statistics and multi-media resources for the general public.
National Library Board’s Source. Understand. Research. Evaluate. (S.U.R.E.) website contains resources and tip sheets on fact-checking and information literacy in all four languages.
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore’s GoSafeOnline website contains various resources for parents, students and businesses on topics around personal data protection and cyber hygiene.
Personal Data Protection Commission Singapore’s website contains resources for organisations and individuals on protecting personal data and more information about the Personal Data Protection Act.

Individual

Self-Assessment Checklist
This checklist will help individuals to assess their level of competency in a range of digital media and information literacy skills.

Appreciation of Technology

Check out the resources below to learn more about how online platforms and digital technologies work, including topics on facial recognition and geolocation.

On digital footprints: